A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Xia Wang; Jiaqi Yang; Xuejie Li

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Xia Wang

, Jiaqi Yang

, Xuejie Li^*

Published in International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 12, Issue 1)

Received: 22 May 2024 Accepted: 11 June 2024 Published: 21 June 2024

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Abstract

Approximately 2 million patients undergo cardiac surgery annually with 20% to 30% developing the cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Patient who has undergone cardiac surgery in the past week and meets the criteria for acute kidney injury can be classified as a cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury may be caused by various factors during perioperative period. Preoperative risk factors include advanced age, female gender, pre-existing renal insufficiency, heart failure, left main coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, low cardiac output and hypotension. Intraoperative risk factors include the type of surgery (valve surgery, combined valve and coronary artery surgery, emergency and reoperations), low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass duration >100-120 minutes, hemodilution, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria due to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with severe valvular heart disease complicated by infecting human immunodeficiency virus. She experienced an acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The rationale for this case report is to learn about the risk factors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and take measures to prevent it.

Published in	International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine (Volume 12, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
Page(s)	66-69
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cardiopulmonary Bypass, Cardiac Surgery, Acute Kidney Injury

References

[1]	Hu, J., R. Chen, S. Liu, et al., Global Incidence and Outcomes of Adult Patients With Acute Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth, 2016. 30(1): p. 82-9. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jvca.2015.06.017
[2]	Cheruku, S. R., J. Raphael, J. A. Neyra, et al., Acute Kidney Injury after Cardiac Surgery: Prediction, Prevention, and Management. Anesthesiology, 2023. 139(6): p. 880-898. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0000000000004734
[3]	Wang, Y. and R. Bellomo, Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury: risk factors, pathophysiology and treatment. Nat Rev Nephrol, 2017. 13(11): p. 697-711. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrneph.2017.119
[4]	Boodhwani, M., F. D. Rubens, D. Wozny, et al., Effects of mild hypothermia and rewarming on renal function after coronary artery bypass grafting. Ann Thorac Surg, 2009. 87(2): p. 489-95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2008.10.078
[5]	Newland, R. F., R. A. Baker, A. L. Mazzone, et al., Rewarming Temperature During Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Acute Kidney Injury: A Multicenter Analysis. Ann Thorac Surg, 2016. 101(5): p. 1655-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2016.01.086
[6]	Mukaida, H., S. Matsushita, T. Yamamoto, et al., Oxygen delivery-guided perfusion for the prevention of acute kidney injury: A randomized controlled trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 2023. 165(2): p. 750-760. e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2021.03.032
[7]	Mazer, C. D., R. P. Whitlock, D. A. Fergusson, et al., Restrictive or Liberal Red-Cell Transfusion for Cardiac Surgery. N Engl J Med, 2017. 377(22): p. 2133-2144.
[8]	Vermeulen Windsant, I. C., N. C. de Wit, J. T. Sertorio, et al., Hemolysis during cardiac surgery is associated with increased intravascular nitric oxide consumption and perioperative kidney and intestinal tissue damage. Front Physiol, 2014. 5: p. 340. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00340
[9]	Hydroxyethyl Starch or Saline for Fluid Resuscitation in Intensive Care. N Engl J Med, 2016. 374(13): p. 1298. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1209759
[10]	Koyner, J. L., A. X. Garg, S. G. Coca, et al., Biomarkers predict progression of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2012. 23(5): p. 905-14.
[11]	Krawczeski, C. D., S. L. Goldstein, J. G. Woo, et al., Temporal relationship and predictive value of urinary acute kidney injury biomarkers after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2011. 58(22): p. 2301-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.017

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APA Style

Wang, X., Yang, J., Li, X. (2024). A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 12(1), 66-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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ACS Style

Wang, X.; Yang, J.; Li, X. A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2024, 12(1), 66-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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AMA Style

Wang X, Yang J, Li X. A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2024;12(1):66-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23,
  author = {Xia Wang and Jiaqi Yang and Xuejie Li},
  title = {A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {66-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  abstract = {Approximately 2 million patients undergo cardiac surgery annually with 20% to 30% developing the cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Patient who has undergone cardiac surgery in the past week and meets the criteria for acute kidney injury can be classified as a cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury may be caused by various factors during perioperative period. Preoperative risk factors include advanced age, female gender, pre-existing renal insufficiency, heart failure, left main coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, low cardiac output and hypotension. Intraoperative risk factors include the type of surgery (valve surgery, combined valve and coronary artery surgery, emergency and reoperations), low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass duration >100-120 minutes, hemodilution, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria due to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with severe valvular heart disease complicated by infecting human immunodeficiency virus. She experienced an acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The rationale for this case report is to learn about the risk factors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and take measures to prevent it.
},
 year = {2024}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

AU  - Xia Wang
AU  - Jiaqi Yang
AU  - Xuejie Li
Y1  - 2024/06/21
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
T2  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
SP  - 66
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2997-2698
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
AB  - Approximately 2 million patients undergo cardiac surgery annually with 20% to 30% developing the cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Patient who has undergone cardiac surgery in the past week and meets the criteria for acute kidney injury can be classified as a cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury may be caused by various factors during perioperative period. Preoperative risk factors include advanced age, female gender, pre-existing renal insufficiency, heart failure, left main coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, low cardiac output and hypotension. Intraoperative risk factors include the type of surgery (valve surgery, combined valve and coronary artery surgery, emergency and reoperations), low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass duration >100-120 minutes, hemodilution, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria due to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with severe valvular heart disease complicated by infecting human immunodeficiency virus. She experienced an acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The rationale for this case report is to learn about the risk factors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and take measures to prevent it.

VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Xia Wang

Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0001-7250-9119
Jiaqi Yang

Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0808-0346
Xuejie Li

Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9706-3435

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Wang, X., Yang, J., Li, X. (2024). A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine, 12(1), 66-69. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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ACS Style

Wang, X.; Yang, J.; Li, X. A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Int. J. Anesth. Clin. Med. 2024, 12(1), 66-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

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AMA Style

Wang X, Yang J, Li X. A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Anesth Clin Med. 2024;12(1):66-69. doi: 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23,
  author = {Xia Wang and Jiaqi Yang and Xuejie Li},
  title = {A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury
},
  journal = {International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {66-69},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijacm.20241201.23},
  abstract = {Approximately 2 million patients undergo cardiac surgery annually with 20% to 30% developing the cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Patient who has undergone cardiac surgery in the past week and meets the criteria for acute kidney injury can be classified as a cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury may be caused by various factors during perioperative period. Preoperative risk factors include advanced age, female gender, pre-existing renal insufficiency, heart failure, left main coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, low cardiac output and hypotension. Intraoperative risk factors include the type of surgery (valve surgery, combined valve and coronary artery surgery, emergency and reoperations), low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass duration >100-120 minutes, hemodilution, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria due to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with severe valvular heart disease complicated by infecting human immunodeficiency virus. She experienced an acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The rationale for this case report is to learn about the risk factors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and take measures to prevent it.
},
 year = {2024}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Case of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

AU  - Xia Wang
AU  - Jiaqi Yang
AU  - Xuejie Li
Y1  - 2024/06/21
PY  - 2024
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
T2  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JF  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
JO  - International Journal of Anesthesia and Clinical Medicine
SP  - 66
EP  - 69
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2997-2698
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijacm.20241201.23
AB  - Approximately 2 million patients undergo cardiac surgery annually with 20% to 30% developing the cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. Patient who has undergone cardiac surgery in the past week and meets the criteria for acute kidney injury can be classified as a cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury. The cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury may be caused by various factors during perioperative period. Preoperative risk factors include advanced age, female gender, pre-existing renal insufficiency, heart failure, left main coronary artery disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, low cardiac output and hypotension. Intraoperative risk factors include the type of surgery (valve surgery, combined valve and coronary artery surgery, emergency and reoperations), low-flow cardiopulmonary bypass, hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, cardiopulmonary bypass duration >100-120 minutes, hemodilution, hemolysis and hemoglobinuria due to prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with severe valvular heart disease complicated by infecting human immunodeficiency virus. She experienced an acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery. The rationale for this case report is to learn about the risk factors of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury and take measures to prevent it.

VL  - 12
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download